Gaziantep

The ancient city of Zeugma is a remarkable blend of two cities. It was born when Selevkaya Euphrates, founded by Seleukos I—one of Alexander the Great’s esteemed generals—and Apama, established by his wife, Apama, were united by a bridge in 300 BC. Straddling both sides of the Euphrates River, Zeugma draws its name from this vital connection. Positioned along the Silk Road and spanning approximately 20,000 acres, it emerged as one of the four largest cities in the Kingdom of Commagene, a testament to its significance and vibrant population. In the 1st century AD, it proudly embraced its place within the Roman Empire. Upon joining the Roman Empire, the city was aptly renamed Zeugma, meaning “bridge” or “passage,” symbolizing its vital role in connecting cultures. In 252 AD, King Shapur I of the Sassanid Empire skillfully seized Zeugma from Roman hands, yet the city ultimately reclaimed its connection to Rome. Although it faced abandonment after the Islamic invasions of 601, the spirit of Zeugma continued, as Islamic settlements began to flourish in the region between 901 and 1200.